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Abstract for Cultivation of Major
Aromatic Crops
Menthol Mint (Menth arvenis)
Menthol mint is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial
essential oil. The major component of this oil is menthol. The oil is
extracted from its leaves and whole plants by steam or hydro steam
distillation. It is suitable for cultivation in sub-tropical condition
in various type of soil. The total life span of this crop is 5-6 months.
After cultivation from one hect. area a farmer can get about 200 to 225
k oil. Te present market rate of this oil is Rs. 275 to 300 / kg. The
oil is used in flavour, fragrance and pharmaceutical industries.
Lemonrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus)
Lemongrass is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial
essential oil. The major component of this oil is Citral. the oil is
extracted from its leaves and stems by steam or hydro steam
distillation. It is suitable for cultivation in sub-tropical condition
in various type of soil. The total life span of the crop is 4 to 5
years. After cultivation from one ha. area a farmer can get about 200 to
250 kg oil. The present market rate of this oil is Rs. 400 to 450 / kg.
The oil is used in perfumery for giving lemony odor and pharmaceutical
industries for making vit-A
Palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii)
Palmarosa is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial essential
oil. The major component of this oil is geraniol. The oil is extracted
from its leaves and stems by steam or hydro steam distillation. It is
suitable for cultivation in sub-tropical condition in various type of
soil. The total life span of the crop is 4 to 5 years. After cultivation
from one ha. area a farmer can get about 100 to 150 kg oil. The present
market rate of this oil is Rs. 500 to 550 / kg. The oil is used in
perfumery industry for giving rosy odor and in blending of compounds.
Citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus )
Citronella is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial
essential oil. The major component of this oil is citronellal and
citronellal acetate. The oil is extracted from its leaves and stems by
steam or hydro steam distillation. It is suitable for cultivation in
sub-tropical condition in good and fertile type of soil. The total life
span of this crop is 4 to 5 years. After cultivation from one ha. area a
farmer can get about 200 to 225 kg oil. The present market rate of this
oil is Rs. 300 to 350/kg. The oil is used in perfumery industry
specially in preparation of mosquito repellent.
Vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides )
Vetiver is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial essential oil.
The major component of this oil is vetiveroil. The oil is extracted from
its roots steam distillation. It is suitable for cultivation in
sub-tropical condition and water logged areas. The total life span of
this crop is 4 to 5 years. After cultivation from one ha. area a farmer
can get about 200 to 225 kg oil. The present market rate of this oil is
Rs. 300 to 350/kg. The oil is used in perfumery industry specially in
preparation of compounds for tobacco.
Patchouli ( Pogostemon patchouli)
Patchouli is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial
essential oil. The major component of this oil is patchouli alcohol. The
oil is extracted from its dried leaves and stems by steam distillation.
It is suitable for cultivation in sub-tropical condition in orchards and
shaded areas. The total life span of this crop is 2.5 to 3 years. After
cultivation from one ha. area a farmer can get about 30 to 32 kg oil.
The present market rate of this oil is Rs. 2000 to 2500/kg. The oil is
used in perfumery industry as a fixative specially in preparation of
compounds.
French Besil ( Ocimum basilicum)
French Basil is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial
essential oil. The major component of this oil is chavioll. The oil is
extracted from its leaves and whole plant by steam distillation or hydro
steam distillation. It is suitable for cultivation in sub-tropical
condition in various type of soils. The total life span of this crop is
3 to 3.5 months. After cultivation from one ha. area a farmer can get
about 100 to 125 kg oil. The present market rate of this oil is Rs. 250
to 300/kg. The oil is used in perfumery and pharmaceutical industry.
Rose (Rosa damascena)
Rose is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial essential oil
and flowers. The major component of this oil is geraniol, rhodinal,
geranyl acetate, etc. The oil is extracted from its fresh petals by
steam distillation or hydro steam distillation. It is suitable for
cultivation in tropical and sub-tropical condition in various type of
soils. The total life span of this crop is 25 to 30 years. After
cultivation from one ha. area a farmer can get about .75 to 1.00 kg oil.
The present market rate of this oil is Rs. 2,00,000 to 2,50,000/kg. The
oil is used in high grade perfumery and pharmaceutical industry.
Geranium (Pelargonium graveolense)
Geranium or Rose geranium is an aromatic crop cultivated for its
commercial essential oil and flowers. The major component of this oil is
geraniol, rhodinal, geranyl acetate, etc. The oil is extracted from its
fresh herbs by steam distillation or hydro steam distillation. It is
suitable for cultivation in tropical and sub-tropical condition in
various type of soils. The total life span of this crop is 2.5 to 3
years. After cultivation from one ha. area a farmer can get about 25 to
30 kg oil. The present market rate of this oil is Rs. 2000 to 3000/kg.
The oil is used in perfumery and pharmaceutical industry.
German chamomile (Matricaria chammomila)
Chamomile is an aromatic crop cultivated for its commercial
essential oil and flowers. The major component of this oil is
chamazoline. The oil is extracted from its dried flowers by steam
distillation. It is suitable for cultivation in tropical and
sub-tropical condition in various type of soils. The total life span of
this crop is 3 to 3.5 months. After cultivation from one ha. area a
farmer can get about 8 to 10 kg oil. The present market rate of this oil
is Rs. 10,000 to 15,000/kg. The oil is used in perfumery and
pharmaceutical industry. |
